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Roads

Japan has some pretty interesting and complex roads. Browsing around with Google Earth, you might find, for example, the Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line (東京湾アクアライン):

The Trans-Tokyo Bay Highway, also known as the Tokyo Bay Aqualine, is a 15.1 km marine crossing through the middle of Tokyo Bay… With the journey from Kawasaki [川崎] to Kisarazu [木更津] now taking just 15 minutes, the highway plays a vital economic role in integrating these two areas of prime industrial importance. The areas are otherwise separated by a 100-km journey through the heart of metropolitan Tokyo, so the Aqualine also eases traffic congestion in the broader metropolitan road network.

Apparently, the 31-year, $11.2 Billion project is sinking further into debt:

Traffic across the bridge (around 10000-15000 daily) is only about 1/3 of that originally planned. The toll was 4000 yen originally, but was lowered to 3000 yen in 2000 to increase traffic. Together with the high construction cost and high maintenance costs, the project is reportedly going further into debt each year.

See it for yourself:

Tokyo Aqua-Line, Kisaruazu side
Tokyo Aqua-Line, Kisaruazu sideGoogle Earth Link
Tokyo Aqua-Line, Kawasaki side
Tokyo Aqua-Line, Kawasaki sideGoogle Earth Link

Following a tunnel a short distance north from here, you’ll find Haneda Airport (羽田空港), where the access roads seem unnecessarily complicated:

Haneda Airport
Haneda AirportGoogle Earth Link

Actually, Narita Airport (成田国際空港) has pretty complicated access roads as well. The designers must have really liked curvy roads.

Narita Airport
Narita AirportGoogle Earth Link

The taxiways are also pretty impressively paved. But really, one can only speculate as to the constraints placed on the designers. I mean, when you have to build one of the world’s busiest airports around people like these guys…:

Narita Obstacle
Narita ObstacleGoogle Earth Link

…it’s gotta make your job difficult. But I bet the engineers enjoyed building the following interchange near Nagoya (名古屋). Plenty of space, plenty of steel and concrete:

Big Interchange
Big interchange near NagoyaGoogle Earth Link

This next one must have been fun, too. Looks like a double-decker interchange still under construction:

Two-Level Interchange
Two-level interchange near NagoyaGoogle Earth Link

Unfortunately, if you give construction companies too much money, they come up with something like this thing (also under construction):

Complex Interchange
Complex interchange near NagoyaGoogle Earth Link

Or concrete spaghetti like this in New Jersey:

Interchange for Routes 9 and 440
Interchange for Routes 9 and 440 in New JerseyGoogle Earth Link

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